Argentina's decision to invade the Falkland Islands was rooted in long-standing territorial disputes with the United Kingdom. The Falklands, located in the South Atlantic, had been a British overseas territory since 1833, but Argentina insisted that the islands were its rightful territory, having established a settlement there in the early 19th century. On April 2, 1982, Argentina launched its invasion with the aim of asserting control over the islands. The landing involved several military units, showcasing Argentina's determination to reclaim the islands, which they referred to as the Malvinas.

The swift invasion caught the British government off-guard. Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, who had just come to power, responded decisively to the incursion. The British military began mobilizing forces to mount a counteroffensive, which included sending a naval task force to the South Atlantic. The conflict escalated, leading to significant naval engagements and ground battles over the following weeks. Notably, the successful recapture of the islands by British forces concluded after intense fighting in June 1982, resulting in a victory for the United Kingdom.

The repercussions of the conflict extended beyond military outcomes. It shaped national identities on both sides, with Argentina mourning the loss of life and rekindling feelings of nationalism, while the UK's victory bolstered Margaret Thatcher's government and solidified its global standing. The war resulted in significant political changes in Argentina, leading to the eventual fall of the military junta that had orchestrated the invasion.