The Estonian Constituent Assembly was called into session in Tallinn to create a constitutional framework for the newly independent state after World War I. This gathering represented a critical juncture in Estonia’s history, as the nation had declared independence from Russia in February 1918 but faced ongoing challenges in establishing a stable government. The assembly consisted of representatives from various political factions, reflecting the diverse political landscape of Estonia and the aspirations of its people. It sought to ensure that the newly formed government would be representative of and responsive to the needs of the Estonian population.

As discussions progressed, assembly members worked on drafting the country's first constitution, addressing key issues such as governance, civil rights, and the structure of the parliament. The establishment of the Riigikogu marked the transition from a provisional government to a constitutional democracy. This included debates over the electoral system and the balance of power among different branches of government, which were crucial for building a resilient democratic state.

The assembly ultimately adopted a constitution that emphasized democracy, individual rights, and the rule of law. This document laid the groundwork for the political framework of Estonia and has had a lasting influence on the country's governance. The assembly's and the Riigikogu's role in shaping national identity can still be felt in Estonia’s political culture today.