The Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM) was inaugurated in Ankara as a response to the political chaos and occupation faced by the Turkish nation following World War I. As foreign powers partitioned the Ottoman Empire, Sultan Mehmed VI's government lost credibility and control. Realizing the need to establish a more representative and unified political structure, nationalist leaders convened the assembly. Leaders like Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and other prominent figures from various regions of Turkey aimed to create a voice for the people and counter the Sultan’s ineffective government. The assembly gathered in secrecy on April 23, 1920, amidst concerns of outside interference and opposition from loyalists to the Sultan. During the assembly's first sessions, members discussed the need for a government that truly represented the will of the Turkish people. Rejecting the Sultan's legitimacy, they declared their intention to establish a temporary constitution, outlining the principles of governance and civil rights. This foundational framework aimed to unite the fragmented nationalists and lay essential groundwork for the future Turkish Republic. The TBMM initiated immediate actions to build a new government and army, signaling the start of a broad campaign that would eventually lead to the Turkish War of Independence.