The headquarters of Radio Television of Serbia (RTS), located in Belgrade, was struck during NATO's aerial campaign against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. This operation occurred amid the Kosovo War, which erupted in 1998 due to rising ethnic tensions between Albanians and Serbs in the region. NATO, citing humanitarian reasons and the need to protect ethnic Albanians in Kosovo, initiated airstrikes against targets in Serbia in March 1999, which included military installations as well as media outlets.

The bombing of RTS was part of NATO's strategy to disrupt the Serbian government's communication capabilities and to undermine its authority by targeting entities that spread state propaganda. The attack resulted in the deaths of at least 16 individuals, including journalists and other staff members, making it one of the most controversial military actions during the air campaign. The strike was met with widespread condemnation from various quarters, including media organizations and human rights groups who argued that targeting a media organization could set a dangerous precedent in warfare.

The event underscored the complexities of modern warfare, where the lines between combatants and civilians often blur. The international community was divided over the legitimacy of targeting media facilities, raising ethical questions about the role of journalism in war and the accountability of nations in their military interventions. Such discussions continue to influence contemporary discourse on the protection of journalists and media outlets in conflict zones.