Dagobert III's ascension to the throne marked a significant moment in the history of the Frankish kingdom. As the son of King Childebert III, Dagobert inherited a realm already facing difficulties due to increasing noble autonomy and the overarching influence of the mayor of the palace. This role, often more powerful than the king himself, complicates Dagobert's reign from the onset, as he must contend with both the ambitions of nobles and the need for effective governance in a period where royal authority was continuously challenged.

The specific conditions under which Dagobert III began his rule were characterized by political fragmentation. The Merovingian kingship was in decline, with authority increasingly concentrated in the hands of local lords. This decentralization of power made it imperative for Dagobert to establish legitimacy and control over his subjects, requiring diplomatic skill and military prudence.

During his reign, Dagobert III faced the additional challenge of external threats, particularly from invading forces, which tested his leadership abilities. Although details of his military exploits are scarce, Dagobert's tenure can be seen as part of a larger narrative in which the stability and unity of the Frankish kingdom were consistently at risk. His ability to navigate this complex landscape influenced the future dynamics of Frankish politics and set precedents for subsequent rulers in their dealings with both nobility and foreign entities.