The Bandung Conference convened in April 1955 and was a historic meeting of representatives from twenty-nine Asian and African nations. The conference took place in Bandung, Indonesia, from April 18 to April 24, where delegates from countries, most of which were newly independent, gathered to discuss their collective stance against colonialism and racism, while also addressing the concerns raised by the Cold War. The event showcased leaders such as Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Sukarno of Indonesia, and Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, who emphasized the need for mutual cooperation and self-determination among nations of the Global South.

The conference produced a Final Communiqué that outlined various principles that included mutual respect for sovereignty, non-aggression, and non-interference in the internal affairs of other nations. The meeting highlighted the desire of the non-aligned nations to steer clear of aligning themselves with either the United States or the Soviet Union during the height of the Cold War, seeking instead a unique third path. Notable discussions revolved around economic cooperation, cultural exchange, and social justice, framing the conference as a call for solidarity among nations with shared histories of colonial oppression.

The Bandung Conference is often considered a seminal moment in the emergence of the Non-Aligned Movement, which would continue to gain prominence in global politics. The unity displayed among the diverse participants, alongside the rejection of colonialism and racial discrimination, established a powerful narrative that resonated worldwide. The event also underscored the importance of collaboration in addressing common challenges faced by post-colonial states and set a precedent for future gatherings of like-minded nations.