The Obelisk of Axum is a monumental symbol of Ethiopia’s rich history, originally erected during the reign of King Ezana in the 4th century AD. The obelisk was taken by Italian troops in 1937, during their invasion of Ethiopia, which was part of a broader campaign to establish Italian control over East Africa. This iconic structure was a significant part of Ethiopia's archaeological heritage, representing both a national identity and historical lineage. Following its removal, the obelisk was transported to Rome, where it was erected in the Piazza di Porta Capena. Its presence in Italy sparked debates over cultural property and the ethics of colonial plunder for decades. Efforts for its return began as early as the 1940s, with ongoing negotiations through subsequent decades. In 2005, after years of discussions, the Italian government formally recognized the importance of returning the obelisk and met with Ethiopian officials to finalize the logistics. The return was celebrated with a large ceremony in Axum, and the obelisk was re-erected at its original site, restoring a crucial part of Ethiopia's historical landscape.