Carabineros de Chile, the national police force of Chile, was officially established on April 27, 1927, during the presidency of Carlos Ibáñez del Campo. This creation stemmed from a desire to unify several regional policing entities that operated independently, thereby addressing the rising need for a centralized force capable of maintaining law and order throughout the nation. The new organization incorporated various responsibilities, including the management of urban crime, rural safety, and border control, which were previously handled by separate institutions. The headquarters was set in Santiago, the capital, symbolizing the importance of enhancing public safety in urban areas.

The establishment of Carabineros was part of a broader push by Ibáñez to modernize Chile's public administration and strengthen governmental authority. The intent was not only to enhance security but also to instill a sense of national identity through disciplined law enforcement. Carabineros were envisioned as a police force distinct from military influence, with a focus on civil service, even though they received military training. This distinction was important for the diplomatic relations within the country and for the perception of citizens towards their police force.

Initially, Carabineros faced various challenges, including a lack of resources and establishing a coherent operational structure. However, the force quickly gained reputation and trust among the public, playing a significant role during moments of civil unrest and political turbulence in the ensuing decades. Over the years, it has adapted to meet changing social demands and has continued to evolve in its role within Chilean society, reflecting the complexities of law enforcement in a diverse nation.