The Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas was founded in Manila through the efforts of the Dominican Order and a royal decree from King Philip II of Spain. This initiative emerged in response to the growing need for higher education in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period. The establishment served an integral role in the administration by educating future leaders, priests, and scholars. With its roots firmly embedded in Catholicism, the university aimed to cultivate a moral and ethical framework for students while also offering a diverse curriculum. The curriculum not only included theology but also a wide range of secular subjects to create well-rounded graduates.

Following its founding, Santo Tomas quickly gained prestige across the archipelago. The Dominican friars, as part of their missions, played a crucial role in the education system, providing resources and fostering scholarship. The university contributed significantly to the academic landscape by granting degrees, thereby setting a standard for education in the region. Throughout the years, it has adapted to various sociopolitical climates, with its mission evolving to meet contemporary educational demands while retaining its foundational Catholic ethos.

In its long history, the university has achieved numerous milestones, becoming a significant player in not only Philippine education but also in the global Catholic community. As of today, it stands as a testament to the resilience and adaptability of educational institutions. The university continues to be an influential hub of learning and inquiry, dedicated to fostering academic excellence and ethical leadership among its varied programs. With enrollment numbers reaching tens of thousands, it serves both local and international students, solidifying its status as the largest Catholic university in the world.