The Organization of American States (OAS) was founded in Bogotá, Colombia, during a conference attended by representatives from 21 countries in the Americas. This gathering followed a history of regional engagement dating back to the early 19th century, with earlier frameworks hinting at cooperation among independent nations in the Western Hemisphere. The charter emphasized democratic norms, the commitment to peace, and collaborative efforts to address social and economic inequalities, establishing procedures for conflict resolution and the promotion of human rights across member states.

As the first regional organization in the world, the OAS aimed to improve political and economic relations between the member nations. It responded to growing concerns over authoritarian regimes and the influence of communism in the region, particularly as tensions from the Cold War began to surface. The charter outlined the organization's role in mediation, observation of elections, and support for democratic governance, reflecting the collective desire for stability and cooperation amidst unpredictable political climates.

Throughout its history, the OAS has evolved to face various regional challenges, including military coups, civil wars, and economic crises, impacting the governance and human rights situations in multiple member states. It has taken steps like deploying electoral observation missions and playing a crucial role in diplomatic negotiations, reinforcing its relevance and influence over decades. The scope of the OAS has expanded over the years, with initiatives directed toward development, education, security, and cultural exchange, making it a key player in the political landscape of the Americas.