In April 1932, the Colonial Building in St. John's, Newfoundland, became the focal point of an intense uprising when approximately ten thousand rioters stormed the structure. This massive demonstration was largely driven by widespread dissatisfaction with the colonial government's inability to address the severe economic distress that the province faced due to the Great Depression. The province's economy, heavily reliant on fishery exports, had collapsed, leading to considerable unemployment, social dislocation, and hunger among its inhabitants.

The rioters, composed of various socio-economic backgrounds, called for more democratic governance and direct action against the ruling elite perceived as disconnected from the everyday struggles of ordinary Newfoundlanders. The colonial government, unable to quell the discontent, resorted to police and military forces. However, their efforts were insufficient in the face of such widespread unrest. As tensions escalated, it became apparent that significant changes were necessary for the governance of Newfoundland.

In the wake of the riots, Newfoundland's government was compelled to reassess its political structure, leading to a suspension of self-government. By 1934, the province was governed directly by the British Parliament, marking the end of an era of self-rule. This event not only highlighted the economic and political grievances of Newfoundland residents but also set the stage for future constitutional discussions regarding the island's governance and eventual confederation with Canada.