King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke, widely known as Rama I, ascended to the throne, founding the Chakri dynasty that still governs Thailand today. In 1782, he moved the capital from Thonburi to Bangkok, a strategic decision that placed the kingdom closer to trade routes and offered greater security. He established a new royal court and a system of governance that would enable centralized control and administrative efficiency. Rama I was instrumental in promoting the Rattanakosin style of architecture, seen today in many temples and government buildings in Bangkok, including the Grand Palace and Wat Phra Kaew. He also focused heavily on the revival of Theravada Buddhism, enshrining it in the fabric of Thai society and politics.

Rama I's reign laid the groundwork for the absolute monarchy of Siam, with a legal and bureaucratic framework that would serve the dynasty for generations. His policies encouraged the arts and fostered a resurgence of culture, including literature and ceremonial practices connected to the Buddhist faith. This era marked a transformation for Siam as the country embraced modernity while retaining its rich traditions and cultural identity. The establishment of the Chakri dynasty served to unify the diverse regions of Siam under a centralized rule, leading to a stronger national identity that endures to this day.