In May 1958, Algiers became the focal point of a significant political crisis in France, largely instigated by a faction of military officers who were deeply troubled by the ongoing Algerian War of Independence. With heightened fears that France would abandon its territorial claims in Algeria, these officers orchestrated a coup to compel the French government to address their concerns. Their demands were simple yet profound: they wanted Charles de Gaulle to return to power as the leader capable of establishing a 'government of national unity.' Such a government was envisioned to unify French interests in Algeria against the backdrop of growing nationalist aspirations among Algerians.

The coup, involving both active military personnel and sympathetic civilians, showcased the military's critical role in French politics at the time. Demonstrations of support for the officers and de Gaulle surged in Algiers, signaling a rift between the military and the existing political leadership in Paris. Tensions escalated rapidly, leading to fears of civil unrest and potential civil war. Meanwhile, de Gaulle, who had previously stepped back from political life, found himself returning to the forefront as public support surged in his favor. He was viewed as someone who could navigate the delicate balance between maintaining French interests and addressing the rising demands of Algerian nationalists.

Ultimately, this pivotal moment marked a turning point in both French politics and the Algerian struggle for independence, as the actions of the military officers catalyzed de Gaulle's return to power. He would eventually lead France towards a negotiated end to the Algerian War, setting the stage for Algeria's eventual independence in 1962.