In a move towards independence, key leaders Pedro Juan Caballero, Fulgencio Yegros, and José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia initiated actions to depose the Spanish governor of Paraguay. This collaboration reflected the growing discontent among the Paraguayan populace against colonial rule, significantly influenced by the broader Latin American independence movements. The trio, motivated by nationalist sentiments, united various factions to challenge the local colonial authority.

Caballero and Yegros were pivotal military figures, while Rodríguez de Francia was an emerging political thinker, whose ideas about autonomy and governance resonated with many. Their actions galvanized support across sectors of society, combining intellectual and military fronts to create a formidable resistance. The political atmosphere was ripe for upheaval; local resentment against Spanish taxes, monopolies, and military conscription fueled popular support for the conspirators.

Soon, the movement escalated and sparked a series of skirmishes against loyalist forces in Asunción and throughout the province. The resistance effectively undermined the governor's authority, leading to a power vacuum in which self-proclaimed leaders began to emerge. Ultimately, this struggle laid the foundation for Paraguay's declaration of independence from Spanish rule, which happened shortly after these initial actions.