The 1977 Israeli legislative election represented a watershed moment in the nation’s political history as the Likud party defeated the Israeli Labor party, which had dominated the political scene since the establishment of the state. Under the leadership of Menachem Begin, the Likud party campaigned on a platform that emphasized security, national pride, and a new direction for Israel, appealing to voters who were dissatisfied with the previous administration’s handling of economic issues and security threats. The election results became a clear indicator of the changing political sentiments among the Israeli electorate, paving the way for a right-wing government.

Menachem Begin, a former underground leader in the Irgun during the British Mandate, showcased a compelling narrative that resonated with a wide array of citizens, from traditionalists to young voters eager for change. The election not only reshaped the Israeli parliament but also set the stage for significant policy shifts, including the potential for peace negotiations with neighboring Arab states. Begin's victory also marked the beginning of a more assertive Israeli foreign policy and a re-evaluation of relations with the Palestinians.

The new government swiftly prioritized the issues of settlement expansion in the West Bank and heightened military responses to threats, which polarized the political landscape. Begin formed a coalition with other right-wing factions, demonstrating a willingness to engage with varied interests while compensating for the more assertive positions of his allies. This coalition marked the beginning of a new era in Israeli governance and foreign relations.