The record-setting achievement of the modified TGV train on May 18, 1990, marked a significant milestone in railway technology. The TGV, which stands for 'Train à Grande Vitesse' or 'high-speed train' in French, was designed to operate at high velocities, demonstrating the potential for rapid transport across long distances. During the test, the train reached a speed of 515.3 km/h (320.2 mph), which was a stunning increase over previous records. This event was conducted on a specially designed straight track that was built to facilitate high-speed testing and performance evaluations.

The design modifications to the TGV included enhancements to its aerodynamics and stabilization systems, allowing it to maintain high speeds safely. The record-breaking run was organized and executed by the French National Railway Company (SNCF), which aimed to showcase the advances in technology that made such speeds possible. This achievement not only demonstrated the capabilities of France's railway engineering but also highlighted the country's commitment to innovation in transportation.

The TGV has since become synonymous with high-speed rail travel, helping to shape public transportation standards across the globe. Following this achievement, many countries began developing their own high-speed rail systems, inspired by the TGV's success. The 1990 record solidified the TGV's place in history as a pioneer of high-speed travel, leading to increased investment in rail infrastructure worldwide and contributing to the broader trend of modernizing public transport systems.