Catherine of Aragon, the youngest daughter of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, was married by proxy to Arthur, Prince of Wales, in a ceremony attended by representatives of both royal families. Born into a prominent Spanish royal family, Catherine was viewed as a valuable asset in maintaining and enhancing Spain's international power through strategic marital alliances. At the tender age of 13, she was betrothed to Arthur, who was merely a year older, symbolizing the deep political ties between Spain and England during this period.

The marriage by proxy involved a representative standing in for the groom, who was not present at the ceremony, a common practice for royal weddings at the time. The arrangement not only indicated a future unification of the two kingdoms but also demonstrated the significance placed on dynastic unions as a means of preserving political stability and mutual interests. The proxy marriage was celebrated in the court of Spain, with grand ceremonies reflecting the solemnity and importance of the occasion.

This event took place against the backdrop of increasing tensions in Europe, with monarchs seeking to consolidate power through family alliances. The marriage was intended to strengthen the bonds between the English crown and the Spanish monarchy, setting the stage for future diplomatic relations. Despite the initial union, significant challenges would lie ahead when Arthur passed away shortly after their marriage, leading to complications regarding Catherine's rightful claim to remain queen consort of England.