Robert Woodrow Wilson and Arno Penzias, both physicists at Bell Telephone Laboratories in Holmdel, New Jersey, were conducting experiments aimed at developing satellite communications when they encountered an unusual background noise. This noise was consistent and omnipresent, which they initially considered to be interference, specifically from pigeon droppings on their antenna or from urban radio signals. However, upon extensive troubleshooting and experimentation, they eliminated these potential sources of noise and determined that the signal was neither a local phenomenon nor a technological flaw. Instead, their findings aligned with theoretical predictions about the remnant radiation from the Big Bang, an event marking the beginning of our universe approximately 13.8 billion years ago.Upon realizing the significance of their discovery, Wilson and Penzias published their findings in 1965. Their work provided solid observational support for the Big Bang theory, which had been a theoretical construct. The significance could not be overstated; it helped to affirm a key concept in cosmology and provided a benchmark for our understanding of cosmic evolution. The cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) was subsequently understood to be the afterglow of the hot, dense state of the universe shortly after the Big Bang, as it cooled down and expanded.Wilson and Penzias's discovery ushered in a new era of cosmology, stimulating further research and advancements in the field. Subsequent measurements of the CMB revealed not only its existence but also detailed information about the early universe's structure, temperature fluctuations, and expansion rate. Their contributions to the understanding of the universe fundamentally altered the trajectory of astrophysics and cosmology, laying the groundwork for future explorations and insights into the cosmos.