Redefinition of the International System of Units

May 20th, 2019

May 20th, 2019

Redefinition of the International System of Units
How Long Ago?

5 years, 9 months, 22 days ago

Location

Versailles, France

Category

Science & Technology

People
  • Julian Williams
  • Michel Godet
  • Léon Lederman
  • Kurt R. Stavenhagen
Links & References
Tags

Redefinition of the International System of Units

The International System of Units (SI) was redefined, leading to the obsolescence of the international prototype of the kilogram. This historic change was formally adopted during the 26th General Conference on Weights and Measures held in Versailles, France. The redefinition utilized a fixed numerical value of the Planck constant to ensure greater precision in measurement. The decision was largely influenced by advances in science and technology, aiming to enhance the accuracy and consistency of measurements across various scientific fields globally.

Kilogram now defined by Planck constant

Obsoletes physical prototype of the kilogram

Impacts multiple scientific fields and industries

Enhances global cooperation in measurement standards

What Happened?

The International System of Units (SI) underwent a significant redefinition on this date, which resulted in the international prototype of the kilogram becoming obsolete. For over a century, the kilogram was defined by a physical artifact, the platinum-iridium cylinder known as the 'Kilogram of International Prototype' stored in France. However, as scientific advancements progressed, the need for a more reliable and universally applicable definition became clear. With the new redefinition, the kilogram and other base units were aligned with physical constants, specifically the Planck constant, which is fundamental to quantum mechanics. This change was formalized during the 26th General Conference on Weights and Measures, attended by delegates from member states around the world in Versailles, France.

The SI system's redefinition included not only the kilogram but also the ampere, kelvin, and mole, linking them to constants of nature instead of physical objects. This transition is particularly noteworthy because it reflects a paradigm shift in measurement theory, where definitions become more stable and reproducible. The impact of this decision extends beyond just the realm of physics; it touches on fields such as chemistry, engineering, and various industries that rely on precise measurements, thereby improving global commerce and communication in science.

Moreover, the update emphasizes the importance of continual advancement in scientific understanding. As technology progresses, so too must the fundamental systems we rely on, paving the way for future scientific inquiries. This comprehensive redefinition stands as a testament to the scientific community's commitment to accuracy and reliability, ensuring that every measurement is grounded in universally accepted constants, thus enhancing collaboration and credibility across borders.

Why Does it Matter?

This redefinition is crucial as it signifies a move towards measurements that are intrinsically stable and reproducible, relying on natural phenomena rather than physical artifacts. It fosters international cooperation in scientific research and industrial standards, underlining a significant shift towards precision in an increasingly technology-driven world. This transition is particularly compelling as it opens pathways for future advancements and potential redefinitions of other units as scientific understanding evolves.

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