Grigoris Lambrakis was a well-known Greek politician and physician, associated with the left-wing political movement and a member of the Greek Parliament. During a rally in Thessaloniki, he became the target of a vicious attack by right-wing extremists who opposed his political views and activism for peace and disarmament. The incident took place in a volatile political climate marked by increasing tensions and violence between the political left and right in Greece. Lambrakis suffered severe head injuries from the clubbing, leading to his hospitalization and subsequent death five days later, on May 27, 1963. His demise sparked widespread protests and outrage, symbolizing the broader struggle for democracy and social justice.

In the aftermath, Lambrakis's death galvanized the leftist movement in Greece and led to significant social mobilization against authoritarianism. His life and untimely death inspired the formation of the Lambrakis Youth, an organization aimed at promoting progressive ideals and fighting against political repression. The event prompted a national dialogue on political violence and human rights, emphasizing the urgent need for democratic reforms in Greece. Lambrakis's legacy became a rallying point for various movements, including student protests and anti-military dictatorship campaigns in the years that followed.

Internationally, the attack on Lambrakis drew attention to the challenges faced by democratic movements in Greece, increasing pressure on the government to address political violence and repression. His story would later influence cultural productions, notably through literature and film, as a reflection on political struggle and sacrifice for democratic ideals.