Charles II returned to England after years of exile, landing at Dover amidst great fanfare. His arrival followed the invitation of the Convention Parliament, which sought to restore the monarchy after the turbulent years of the Commonwealth established by Oliver Cromwell. During Cromwell's rule, England had experienced a period of republican governance characterized by strict Puritanical values and the suppression of royalist sentiments. Thus, Charles's return was seen as a beacon of hope for many who longed for a return to traditional governance and stability. As he stepped onto English soil, he was welcomed not only by supporters but also by those weary of the strictures and divisions created during the Commonwealth era.

The landing of Charles II on this momentous day marked the culmination of an intricate negotiation process involving various factions, including the Royalists, former Parliamentarians, and the Army. The public sentiment was largely in favor of monarchy, driven by the discontent with ongoing conflicts and Cromwell's dictatorial governance. Throughout the summer that followed, Charles II was able to solidify his power and popularity, culminating in the Restoration of the monarchy, which officially concluded with the coronation of Charles II in the following year. His reign would usher in a new cultural and political era infused with renewal and creativity, known subsequently as the Restoration period, characterized by theatrical innovation and scientific advancement.