The Treaty of London was a pivotal agreement signed in 1913, marking the conclusion of the First Balkan War. This war, which saw the Balkan League—comprising Serbia, Montenegro, Greece, and Bulgaria—fight against the Ottoman Empire, resulted in a significant territorial reconfiguration in Southeast Europe. As part of the negotiations, the Great Powers decided to recognize the independence of Albania, amidst various ethnic considerations and power dynamics in the region. The treaty not only delineated Albania’s borders but also addressed the territorial changes in neighboring areas, influenced by the outcomes of the Balkan conflict. The discussions involved delicate balancing of interests, as Serbia, Greece, and Montenegro sought to expand their territories at the expense of the Ottoman Empire and rival states.The recognition of Albanian independence was marked with controversies, particularly due to the diverse ethnic makeup of the region and competing claims from neighboring states. The boundaries drawn in the treaty were contentious, leading to dissatisfaction among various ethnic groups. The Great Powers’ intervention aimed to prevent potential conflicts arising from these nationalistic aspirations. Furthermore, this was a crucial moment in cementing the identity of Albania as a nation-state, fostering a sense of national unity and aspiration that would be important for its future political landscape in the years leading to World War I.