The United States House Committee on the Judiciary opened formal and public impeachment hearings against President Richard Nixon in 1974, as the Watergate scandal continued to rock the nation. The Watergate scandal originated from a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in 1972, which led to revelations of widespread abuse of power by Nixon's administration. As investigations progressed, evidence emerged pointing to Nixon’s involvement in efforts to cover up the scandal and obstruct justice. The hearings conducted by the Judiciary Committee were pivotal, as they were broadcasted nationally, allowing citizens to witness the proceedings firsthand.

Led by Chairman Peter Rodino, the hearings focused on whether Nixon had committed impeachable offenses. The Committee heard testimony from a variety of witnesses, including former White House aides who had participated in the cover-up. A significant turning point during these hearings was the release of the Nixon tapes, which contained conversations that raised serious questions about the President's conduct. As evidence against Nixon mounted, so did public discontent, leading to a profound shift in public opinion against him.

As the hearings continued, the case against Nixon strengthened, with stark implications for his presidency. The atmosphere in Washington was thick with tension, as the possibility of impeachment loomed large. Nixon, facing immense pressure, would eventually resign from the presidency, marking the first time a U.S. president had done so under the threat of impeachment. The hearings not only held Nixon accountable but also set a significant precedent for congressional oversight and the balance of power between the executive and legislative branches.