John Diefenbaker's leadership of the Progressive Conservative Party resulted in a dramatic shift in Canadian politics, culminating in the 1957 federal election. For over two decades, the Liberal Party had held power, creating a sense of inevitability around their continued dominance. However, Diefenbaker, who became the first leader of the Progressive Conservative Party in 1956, effectively rallied support against the Liberals by emphasizing themes of nationalism and independence. His campaign was characterized by its energetic grassroots mobilization, appealing to a broad spectrum of voters who felt alienated by the status quo. Diefenbaker's promise to create a Canadian Bill of Rights resonated deeply, providing a new political narrative focused on citizen empowerment and inclusion.

As the results of the election rolled in, they revealed a staggering upset: the Progressive Conservatives won 112 seats compared to the Liberal Party's 105, marking a significant realignment of political power within the country. Diefenbaker became Canada’s 13th Prime Minister, signaling a change not only in leadership but also in the direction of Canadian policy regarding issues such as foreign relations and social programs. This victory was also influenced by the changing demographics and regional politics within Canada, with the West and certain urban centers showing strong support for his platform.

The election transcended mere party lines—it was a referendum on the effectiveness and relevance of the Liberal policies at the time. Diefenbaker's first victory exemplified how effective campaigning and well-timed nationalist rhetoric could sway public opinion, setting the foundation for future Conservative strategies. The victory was marked by celebrations and widespread public discourse on the status of governance in Canada, making it a pivotal moment in the country's political history.