The Gal Oya riots were a significant event in Sri Lanka's post-colonial history, primarily affecting the Eastern Province where a large population of Tamils resided. The riots were spurred by rising ethnic tensions, particularly following the implementation of the 'Sinhala Only' language policy, which marginalized Tamil speakers and created resentment among the Tamil community. The riots erupted between Sinhala settlers and local Tamils in Gal Oya, a region that had seen an influx of Sinhala immigrants who were encouraged to settle in the area. This government-backed migration led to competition for resources and cultural domination, heightening existing animosities. Over the course of several days, violence ensued as mobs targeted Tamil homes, businesses, and individuals, leading to extensive destruction and loss of life.Government authorities struggled to contain the violence, and the military was ultimately deployed to restore order. Reports indicated that around 150 individuals were killed, with many more injured, showcasing the deep-seated ethnic conflict that would plague Sri Lanka for decades. The brutality of the riots shocked the nation and highlighted the urgent need for reconciliation and dialogue between ethnic communities. The aftermath saw increased polarization among the Sinhalese and Tamils, laying the groundwork for further ethnic strife in the country, including the civil war that erupted in the 1980s.