The Battle of Fakhkh was a pivotal moment for the Abbasid Caliphate as it sought to establish supremacy over the Islamic world after its rise to power following the Umayyad dynasty's fall. Ibrahim ibn Abdullah, a leader of the Hasanid Alids, recognized the growing influence of the Abbasids as a direct threat to his lineage's claim to leadership among the Shia Muslims. The Hasanids, who were influential in Mecca, rallied support from various factions dissatisfied with Abbasid rule, aiming to restore a more traditional and legitimate Islamic leadership based on familial ties to the Prophet Muhammad.

The battle itself took place in an area near Mecca, where the Abbasid forces, better organized and equipped, confronted the rebellious troops. The Abbasids employed tactical advantages, utilizing the element of surprise and superior numbers to decisively engage the Alid forces. The defeat of the Hasanid rebels not only established the Abbasids' military dominance but also reasserted their political authority over the sacred city of Mecca, a crucial center for Muslim pilgrimage and governance. In the wake of the battle, many Alid supporters were executed, while others fled to neighboring areas, significantly weakening the Hasanid faction's influence.

The aftermath of the battle had lasting effects on the political landscape of the region. The Abbasids solidified their control, which allowed them to further extend their influence over the Arabian Peninsula and beyond. Consequently, this battle also shaped the dynamics between Sunni and Shia Islam in the decades that followed, with the Alids now positioned as opponents struggling against the greater Abbasid power, fueling further uprisings in subsequent years.