In June 1830, France initiated a military campaign against Algeria, deploying around thirty-four thousand soldiers under the command of General de Bourmont. The French forces landed at Sidi Fredj, a port located approximately 27 kilometers west of Algiers. The decision to invade was driven by various factors, including economic interests and political motivations, as the French government sought to enhance its prestige and territorial holdings overseas. The French aimed to establish a foothold in Algeria, which was perceived as strategically important due to its proximity to Europe and its potential for resource exploitation.

Sidi Fredj served as an ideal landing site due to its sheltered harbor, allowing the French forces to disembark with relative safety. Following the initial landing, French troops advanced toward Algiers, encountering significant resistance from local forces. The campaign quickly escalated, ultimately leading to the capture of Algiers itself. French forces laid siege to the city, employing heavy artillery and overwhelming manpower to secure their objectives.

The invasion of Algeria marked the beginning of a long and brutal colonial rule, which significantly altered the socio-political landscape of the region. The integration of Algeria into the French Empire involved not only military occupation but also cultural and administrative transformations that would last for over a century.