The Ming–Hồ War saw a significant escalation of tension as the Ming dynasty sought to re-establish its dominance over Vietnam, which had gained independence under the Hồ dynasty. The conflict intensified following the overthrow of the Trần dynasty by Hồ Quý Ly, who proclaimed the Hồ dynasty. As Ming forces advanced into Vietnamese territory, they faced staunch resistance; however, through superior numbers and strategic maneuvers, the Ming army began to dismantle the Hồ's defenses. On June 16, 1407, following a series of military engagements, retired King Hồ Quý Ly and his son, King Hồ Hán Thương, were captured by Ming forces. This led to an immediate shift in power dynamics in the region as the Ming troops systematically dismantled the remnants of the Hồ dynasty while reinstating direct control over Vietnam.

The significant detail of their capture was emblematic of the complete military dominance of the Ming dynasty and reflected the broader strategies used by the Ming polity to extend their reach into Vietnam. The fall of Hồ Quý Ly and his son not only represented the loss of leadership for the Vietnamese but also showcased the capabilities of the Ming military apparatus, employing a mix of diplomacy and military might. The resulting control over Vietnam lasted for decades, leading to significant changes in the region’s governance and culture as Ming policies began to permeate local structures.