The Anglo-Corsican Kingdom was established following the British military intervention on the island of Corsica during the tumultuous period of the French Revolutionary Wars. The Corsican nationalist leader Pasquale Paoli had sought independence from France and, eager for allies, turned to Great Britain for support. On 6/17/1794, the British formally recognized Corsica as a sovereign kingdom and appointed Paul Francis de Marbeuf as the governor. This arrangement fostered a political alliance, with Britain aiming to exert influence in the Mediterranean region. Corsica's strategic position made it a valuable asset during this period of European conflict.

Under British protection, the kingdom adopted a constitution, and a series of reforms were initiated to improve governance and civil administration. The Corsican populace embraced the opportunity for self-rule, enhancing local autonomy while still benefitting from British military support. However, the fragile alliance faced challenges, including resistance from French forces intent on reasserting control over Corsica. Tensions heightened, and skirmishes broke out, drawing in local factions with differing ambitions about the island's future.

Despite initial hopes for a stable political environment, the dependency on British military aid ultimately weakened the kingdom’s independence. By 1796, political pressures and military setbacks led to the collapse of the Anglo-Corsican Kingdom as France regained control over the island. Nonetheless, this period marked a significant chapter in Corsica’s ongoing struggles for autonomy and highlighted the island's geopolitical significance during this era of revolutionary fervor.