Halifax was founded with the intent of establishing a fortified British naval base in North America, primarily as a response to the French presence in Acadia. The British aimed to counterbalance French influence following the prior conflict over North American territories. Edward Cornwallis, a military officer and governor, led the expedition that resulted in the establishment of the settlement. A group of approximately 2,000 settlers arrived in June, tasked with creating a viable settlement and strengthening British claims in the region.

The location was chosen for its natural harbor, which provided both a sheltered anchorage for military vessels and easy access to the Atlantic Ocean. Immediate construction efforts included building defensive structures, barracks, and homes. The settlers faced significant challenges, including harsh weather conditions and limited supplies, but their tenacity laid the groundwork for what would eventually become a major city. Over time, Halifax emerged as a vital naval station and trade center, attracting more settlers and facilitating economic growth in the area.

The foundation of Halifax marked the beginning of British domination in Nova Scotia, with strategic developments that would influence military operations for years to come. The settlement thrived through its advantageous geographic location and by becoming a hub for trade and military activity. The cultural and economic impacts of Halifax reverberated throughout the region, setting the stage for further British expansion in North America.