The Cristero War, which lasted from 1926 to 1929, was a violent struggle in Mexico sparked by the government's anti-Catholic reforms and enforcement of secularism. Many Mexican Catholics, feeling threatened by these policies, took up arms to resist. This insurrection, marked by its guerrilla warfare tactics, resulted in significant loss of life and deep social divisions within the country. As the war progressed, both sides faced immense pressure to reach a settlement, and various international actors became involved, among them U.S. Ambassador Dwight Whitney Morrow.

Morrow played a pivotal role in negotiations, recognizing that a prolonged conflict would not only destabilize Mexico but could also have repercussions for U.S. interests in the region. His diplomatic efforts culminated in an agreement that sought to protect religious freedoms while also fostering government stability. By bringing religious leaders and government representatives to the negotiating table, Morrow aimed to find common ground. The discussions ultimately led to the cessation of hostilities, allowing for a more peaceful coexistence of the Catholic Church within a secular state.

The signing of the agreement was received with mixed emotions, as it signified both the end of an intense struggle and the challenges ahead in implementing the terms of the peace. The resolution called for the existing laws to be upheld while offering measures to safeguard the rights of religious practice in Mexico. While this was an important moment in Mexican history, it also laid the foundation for future tensions between church and state, which would continue to evolve in the decades to come.