In June 1981, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party convened to address the historical complexities and the legacy of the party since the establishment of the People's Republic of China. The gathering culminated in the adoption of a resolution that explicitly laid the blame for the Cultural Revolution on Mao Zedong, whose radical policies led to a decade of chaos and turmoil in China. This marked a significant shift in the party's approach to its recent history, as the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) had been a time of intense political strife and social upheaval, resulting in significant loss of life, persecution of intellectuals, and widespread societal disruption.The resolution was introduced during the party's third plenary session of the 11th Central Committee and represented a major turning point for the Chinese Communist Party as it sought to acknowledge its past failings while steering the country towards a new direction under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping. The document not only blamed Mao for the excesses of the Cultural Revolution but also called for the party to learn from its mistakes and to pursue policies that would promote modernization and economic reform, in stark contrast to the dogmatic approaches of the Mao era. The meeting highlighted a critical transformation within the party, emphasizing the importance of stability, economic development, and practical governance over ideology. It laid the groundwork for the economic reforms that would follow in the 1980s, reshaping China's trajectory towards a more open, market-oriented economy while still maintaining the Communist party's grip on power.