The capture of Ned Kelly occurred during a dramatic confrontation in Glenrowan, Victoria, where Kelly and his gang had holed up in a hotel, hoping to evade capture and establish their own republic. The police, alerted to their presence, surrounded the area, leading to an intense shootout that would become legendary in Australian folklore. Kelly, known for his distinctive homemade armor, fought fiercely but was ultimately outnumbered. The battle showcased not only the tension between law enforcement and bushrangers but also highlighted the desperation and rebellion felt by many in rural Australia at the time.

As the standoff unfolded, local residents faced crossfire and were put in danger, adding to the chaos of the situation. Kelly's attempts to rally support and gain the upper hand were stifled as police, if not outmatched in numbers, utilized strategic planning and reinforcements. Ultimately, he was severely injured during the fight, leading to his arrest. The dramatic events drew national attention, leading to debates about criminality, justice, and the social context of bushranging in colonial Australia.

The capture of Kelly would not only end his criminal career but would also mark a turning point in the public perception of bushrangers. Many Australians saw him as a Robin Hood figure, standing against oppressive authorities, while others viewed him as a dangerous outlaw. His story became a subject of folklore, paving the way for numerous books, films, and songs that have continued to shape Australian identity. His trial and subsequent execution would further entrench his legacy in the annals of Australian history.