The dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden culminated from growing nationalist sentiments in Norway, particularly in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Tensions rose as Norway sought more autonomy, culminating in parliamentary moves to declare independence. The Norwegian Parliament, the Storting, adopted a resolution on June 7, 1905, which declared the unification of Norway with Sweden to be terminated.

Following the parliamentary decision, Norway held a plebiscite on August 13, 1905, which overwhelmingly supported the dissolution, with around 99.95% of voters in favor. Norway's efforts were bolstered by a political climate in Sweden that had grown increasingly indifferent toward Norway’s aspirations for greater autonomy. The peaceful nature of the separation was further highlighted by the willingness of both nations to negotiate terms without resorting to military conflict.

The dissolution led to Norway’s emergence as a fully independent nation, allowing it to develop its laws, governance, and international presence. The peaceful separation set a precedent for similar nationalist movements across Europe, showcasing the possibility of amicable resolutions to political unions through democratic means.