The Westminster Assembly convened in 1643 at Westminster Abbey, bringing together a diverse group of theologians and members of the English Parliament. This assembly arose amid the tumult of the English Civil War, where broad questions about governance, society, and theology were at the forefront. The primary goal was to address and reform the Church of England's structure and doctrine, which many believed needed adjustment to better represent the changing religious landscape. The Assembly's members, often referred to as 'divines,' included influential Puritan leaders who sought to mitigate the power of bishops and establish a system that was more aligned with their theological tenets.

During its discussions, the Assembly debated various critical issues, such as the role of church authority, the nature of worship, and the interpretation of scripture. The formal sessions commenced in July, allowing the divines to propose new standards for church governance, including the creation of a Westminster Confession of Faith. The Assembly soon gained significance as it not only shaped the future of the English church but also mirrored broader socio-political shifts of the time.

This meeting marked the beginning of a lengthy process that would result in significant reform within the Church of England, ultimately leading to a polarized split in religious and political ideologies that echoed throughout the nation. The deliberations at the Assembly would resonate in future centuries and helped set the groundwork for various Protestant denominations that emerged later.