In 1878, Canada took a significant step toward modernizing its postal services by joining the Universal Postal Union (UPU). Established in 1874, the UPU was created to facilitate international postal delivery by setting common regulations and standards across member countries. At that time, countries across Europe and North America were recognizing the need for efficient mail delivery systems to support growing economic and social interactions. By becoming a member, Canada aimed to enhance its postal service's efficiency and reliability in delivering mail domestically and internationally.

Joining the UPU allowed Canada to participate in a collaborative network that would enable seamless communication with other member countries. This was of paramount importance during a period when the industrial revolution was fundamentally changing economies and societies, leading to a surge in personal and commercial correspondence across borders. Canadian officials recognized that improved mail services would bolster trade, strengthen diplomatic ties, and enhance the overall connection between Canada and other nations.

As a member of the UPU, Canada adopted the postal reform initiatives that would gradually standardize postage rates, improve delivery times, and introduce a host of new postal services that benefitted its citizens and contributed to the country’s development. The move also represented Canada’s commitment to engaging with the broader international community, showcasing its intent to foster relationships with other nations and affirm its presence on the world stage as a growing and politically engaged country.