Arthur Meighen's ascension to the role of Prime Minister of Canada marked a significant turning point in the nation's political landscape. Following the resignation of William Lyon Mackenzie King, Meighen, who had previously served as Minister of the Interior and Minister of Justice, was chosen to lead the Conservative Party. His leadership was characterized by a strong commitment to the conservative principles of economic stability and national unity, which were vital in the aftermath of World War I. Upon taking office, Meighen was confronted with a series of pressing challenges, including economic hardship, rising unemployment, and significant labor disputes, all of which were a direct result of the war's conclusion. He aimed to restore confidence in the economic system and stabilize the social order, strategies that would require careful navigation of the complex political environment.

During his short time in office, Meighen worked on various initiatives that included addressing inflation and fostering growth in key industries affected by the war. His administration also had to manage the balance between urban demands and rural interests, a persistent challenge due to the divergent economic priorities across different regions of Canada. Although Meighen was known for his eloquent speeches and a robust intellect, his government encountered criticism for its inability to promptly resolve pressing economic issues and labor conflicts.

Ultimately, Meighen's tenure was marked by a polarization in Canadian society, as different groups responded variably to his government's policies. Despite his efforts, the 1921 federal election would soon reveal the electorate's shifting sentiments, leading to his defeat. Nevertheless, Meighen's time as Prime Minister contributed to the evolution of the Conservative Party and set the stage for continued party rivalry in Canadian politics. His legacy includes insights into political leadership during times of crisis and the complexities of governance in evolving democratic systems.