The surrender of Lê Cung Hoàng to Mạc Đăng Dung was a pivotal moment in 16th-century Vietnamese history, signifying the end of the Lê dynasty that had ruled for over two centuries. Lê Cung Hoàng, the last emperor of the Lê dynasty, faced immense pressure from rival factions and military leaders who were eager to claim power amidst the chaos of Lê rule. Mạc Đăng Dung, a competent general who had gained popularity and support through his military exploits, took advantage of the fractured political landscape and the declining influence of the Lê emperors.

In a strategic move, Mạc Đăng Dung challenged the legitimacy of the Lê rule and orchestrated a series of power plays that culminated in Lê Cung Hoàng's formal cession of the throne. The transition was not merely a matter of military confrontation; it involved intricate political maneuvers, manipulation of alliances, and the exploitation of weaknesses within the Lê court. Following the cession, Mạc Đăng Dung established the Mạc dynasty, which would govern Vietnam for several decades, albeit with continued resistance and conflict from those loyal to the Lê dynasty.

The establishment of the Mạc dynasty marked a significant shift in the political framework of Vietnam, as it introduced new leadership and governance models. Mạc Đăng Dung's rule focused on consolidating power and stabilizing the kingdom, while also facing opposition from remnants of the Lê dynasty. His reign led to a complex period characterized by both advancements and conflicts, shaping the socio-political landscape of Vietnam.