The declaration of independence of São Tomé and Príncipe from Portugal was a pivotal moment in the archipelago's long history of colonialism. Since the late 15th century, these islands had been under Portuguese control, influencing their culture, economy, and social structures. The movement for independence gained momentum during the mid-20th century, coinciding with a wave of decolonization across Africa. The Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe (MLSTP), founded in 1972, played a crucial role in galvanizing support for independence and organizing resistance against Portuguese rule.On the day of independence, the MLSTP led by Manuel Pinto da Costa took charge. As the flags were raised, there was a profound sense of achievement and relief among the populace, many of whom had fought for self-rule. The new government aimed to establish a democratic state, focusing on social justice and economic reform to support the citizens of the islands. Internationally, the independence of São Tomé and Príncipe was supported by various nations who recognized the growing trend of African nations freeing themselves from colonial powers. This act of liberation not only marked a new beginning for the islands but also contributed to the changing dynamics of power on the continent.The transition was not without challenges, as the new government faced economic difficulties and internal disputes. Nevertheless, the declaration symbolized a significant leap toward sovereignty and national identity for São Tomé and Príncipe, setting the stage for future developments on the islands.