The Carabinieri, officially known as Arma dei Carabinieri, was established in 1814 as a response to the need for a unified police force in Italy amidst the backdrop of the Napoleonic Wars and subsequent restoration of the Italian states. Following the fall of Napoleon, many regions of Italy were seeking stability and a return to law and order after years of military rule and conflict. The Carabinieri was structured as a militarized civilian force, designed to operate in both rural and urban environments, thus tackling a variety of civil issues, security tasks, and military duties when necessary.

The new force was made up of soldiers who were trained in various law enforcement responsibilities, embodying a dual role that was unique at the time. Its fundamental objectives included preventing crime, maintaining public peace, and ensuring the enforcement of laws set by the local and national governments. The Carabinieri quickly gained a reputation for professionalism and discipline, distinguishing itself from other civilian police organizations in Europe.

Throughout the years, the Carabinieri adapted and evolved through Italy's political landscape, contributing significantly to the unification of Italy in the 19th century and serving a crucial role during various uprisings and social changes. Their presence extended beyond mere law enforcement duties and included functions such as taxation enforcement and military assistance during crises. Furthermore, the Carabinieri's emblem and traditions became symbolically linked to Italian national identity, signifying order and national pride.