The Catcher in the Rye, authored by J. D. Salinger, was published in July 1951 by Little, Brown and Company. The novel recounts the experiences of Holden Caulfield, a young man recently expelled from prep school, who embarks on a three-day journey through New York City. Salinger, who had seen combat in World War II, drew on his own experiences of disillusionment to craft Holden's story. The narrative is told in the first person, giving readers a direct insight into Holden's thoughts, emotions, and perspective on the world around him.

The title itself alludes to Holden's fantasy of being a 'catcher in the rye,' someone who saves children from falling into the corruption of adulthood. This poignant metaphor underscores the central themes of innocence and protection throughout the novel. As the book gained traction and readers began to identify with Holden's struggles, it also faced considerable backlash. Critics and educators challenged the book's coarse language and themes of rebellion, leading to multiple bans in schools and libraries across the United States.

Salinger's portrayal of adolescent angst resonated with many, sparking discussions around the generational gap and societal expectations. The book’s impact was immediate, shaping the landscape of American literature and influencing countless writers who came after. Yet, Salinger himself became increasingly reclusive, retreating from the public eye and refusing to capitalize on his fame, which only added to the mystique surrounding both the author and his work.