The bombing of the Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina (AMIA) in Buenos Aires was a catastrophic event targeting the Jewish community in Argentina. On July 18, a truck bomb was detonated outside the AMIA building, which served as a vital center for the Jewish community, functioning primarily as a cultural, social, and educational hub. The explosion resulted in the deaths of 85 people and injuries to more than 300 others, making it the deadliest attack against Jews in Argentina since World War II. The severity of the attack shocked the nation and raised alarms about increasing anti-Semitic sentiments within the country.

Investigations into the bombing revealed connections to international terrorism, particularly suspicions of Iranian involvement due to geopolitical tensions at the time. The lack of accountability and the slow pace of justice in the aftermath led to protests and an increased demand for governmental transparency and action. The AMIA bombing not only highlighted vulnerabilities in Argentina's national security but also fostered an atmosphere of fear and distrust, particularly among the Jewish population, which had previously flourished in the country for over a century.

Over the years, the prosecution of the bombing has been fraught with challenges, resulting in a protracted legal battle that remains unresolved. In this context, the bombing serves as a grim reminder of the impact of ideological and religious extremism and the implications it can have for communities worldwide.