Elijah Green Breaks Red Sox Color Barrier
July 21st, 1959
July 21st, 1959

How Long Ago?
65 years, 7 months, 22 days ago
Location
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Category
Sports & Recreation
People
- Elijah Jerry Green
- Vic Wertz
- Pinky Higgins
Links & References
- Chicago White Sox
- Boston Red Sox
- Pumpsie Green
- Timeline of African-American firsts
- Pinch runner
- Vic Wertz
Tags
Elijah Green Breaks Red Sox Color Barrier
Elijah Jerry 'Pumpsie' Green made history as the first African-American player for the Boston Red Sox. He entered the game against the Chicago White Sox as a pinch-runner for Vic Wertz and subsequently took the position of shortstop. The game ended with a close score of 2–1 in favor of the White Sox, marking a significant moment in baseball history, as it was the last Major League Baseball team to integrate racially.
Pumpsie Green was the last MLB team's first Black player.
He played shortstop and pinch-ran in a close game.
The Red Sox faced criticism for their late integration.
Green's arrival signified progress in sports and society.
What Happened?
Elijah Jerry 'Pumpsie' Green stepped onto the field on a summer day in 1959, forever altering the landscape of Major League Baseball. He became the first African-American player for the Boston Red Sox, the last team in Major League Baseball to integrate. His entry into the game against the Chicago White Sox was significant not only for the Red Sox organization but also for the sport as a whole, signaling an end to racial segregation in one of America's favorite pastimes. Green was put in as a pinch runner for Vic Wertz, a move that underscored head coach Pinky Higgins's decision to finally embrace integration within his team. Following his stint as a pinch runner, Green remained in the game as shortstop, further solidifying his place in that historic matchup.Green received a mixed reaction from the fans; while some greeted his presence with cheers, others jeered in disapproval. The game itself was tightly contested, finishing 2–1 in favor of the White Sox. Despite the loss, Green's appearance was a watershed moment for the Red Sox, as it not only highlighted the racial dynamics of the 1950s but also made a significant statement about change and progress in professional sports. As the last team to integrate, the Red Sox faced scrutiny and pressure to advance racial equality. Elijah Green's debut was emblematic of the struggles and triumphs of African-American athletes seeking acceptance and respect in a segregated society.
Why Does it Matter?
Elijah Green's debut was a landmark moment in baseball, marking the end of an era of institutionalized segregation in the sport, particularly within the Red Sox organization. The event highlighted the gradual shift toward racial equality in America and served as an influence on future generations of players. As the last Major League team to integrate, the Red Sox's decision to include Green signaled a broader societal change moving away from discrimination and towards inclusion.
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