During the early 1990s, tensions between Israel and Hezbollah intensified, largely due to cross-border attacks and retaliatory strikes. In July 1993, Israel launched Operation Accountability as a response to ongoing incursions that had resulted in casualties among its Israeli soldiers and citizens. The operation aimed to assert military dominance over southern Lebanon and to destroy Hezbollah's infrastructure, which was seen as a direct threat to Israel's northern border. On July 25, the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) began a series of airstrikes and artillery bombardments, targeting various Hezbollah strongholds and positions across Southern Lebanon, including Tyre and Sidon.

The campaign lasted for approximately one week, during which massive civilian casualties were feared due to the intensity of the bombings. The Lebanese population faced severe humanitarian issues, as thousands of civilians were displaced from their homes. Infrastructure in the targeted areas suffered extensive damage, exacerbating the already fragile conditions in Lebanese society.

In response to international criticism and amidst growing concerns regarding the humanitarian situation in Lebanon, the operation concluded with a ceasefire agreement. The aftermath of Operation Accountability revealed the complexity of the Israel-Hezbollah conflict, with both sides entrenching in their respective positions, leading to further escalations in the years to follow.