Liberia's declaration of independence represented a culmination of efforts by African-American settlers who had migrated from the United States beginning in the early 19th century. Founded by the American Colonization Society, Liberia was established as a colony for free blacks from America who sought safe haven from racial discrimination and slavery. The settlers formed their communities and gradually developed a government, leading to the eventual declaration of independence in 1847.

On July 26, 1847, in the capital city of Monrovia, the settlers adopted a constitution and proclaimed Liberia a republic, making it the first independent republic in Africa. Joseph Jenkins Roberts, a prominent leader and the first elected president of Liberia, played a crucial role in this momentous occasion. The declaration symbolized not only the quest for self-determination by the settlers but also a broader statement against colonial oppression on the continent.

Following the declaration, Liberia was quickly recognized by France and the United Kingdom, which was pivotal for its international legitimacy. The recognition helped establish Liberia's position on the global stage, paving the way for further diplomatic relationships and solidifying its status as an independent nation. This event became a symbol of African resistance against colonial rule and inspired future movements for independence across the continent.