In the early 1920s, diabetes was a life-threatening disease with no effective treatments. Patients often faced severe symptoms of hyperglycemia, leading to death. Frederick Banting, a biochemist at the University of Toronto, embarked on a quest to discover the mechanisms behind diabetes. Guided by insights from his mentor, Professor John Macleod, Banting proposed that the pancreas produced a substance crucial to regulating blood sugar. He collaborated with laboratory assistant Charles Best, and together, they conducted experiments on dogs, successfully isolating insulin from the pancreas. Their results revealed that insulin could significantly lower blood sugar levels in the dogs, suggesting a potential treatment for diabetes. Banting and Best's work was groundbreaking, leading to the first clinical usage of insulin as a therapeutic agent for humans with diabetes. Their experiments and subsequent demonstrations provided the foundation for diabetes management. The team's work, however, was met with challenges, including ethical considerations of animal experiments and the complexities of extracting insulin in a clinically viable form. Nevertheless, by 1922, insulin was administered to patients, radically transforming the prognosis for those suffering from diabetes and paving the way for further research in endocrinology and metabolic disorders.