The death of Emperor Meiji on July 30, 1912, marked the end of an era characterized by profound transformation in Japan. Ascending the throne was his son Yoshihito, who became Emperor Taishō. The Meiji Restoration, initiated in 1868, had catapulted Japan from a feudal society to a modern industrial power, fostering unprecedented changes in governance, military, and cultural practices. However, as the new emperor took his place on the throne, the nation faced mounting pressures, both domestically and internationally. Emperor Taishō's rule would unfold against a backdrop of rising nationalism and increasing militarism, a contrast to the Europe-centric perspectives prevalent in the prior Meiji era.

Emperor Taishō's reign would see significant developments such as the establishment of the Taishō Democracy, a period marked by increased political participation and the rise of political parties. This transition also coincided with a profound sense of social change, including movements toward better labor rights and greater national identity. However, Taishō's reign was also marred by health issues that would eventually lead to reduced direct involvement in governance, prompting the council of Ministers to play a more significant role in ruling the country. This shift facilitated a more militaristic approach to governance that would lead Japan deeper into conflict and imperial ambitions.

Growing tensions in East Asia would further complicate Taishō's reign, as Japan navigated its position amid rising powers and territorial disputes. Over the years, Taishō would preside over Japan's participation in World War I, which, albeit as a minor ally, set the stage for Japan's burgeoning power following the war on the international stage and its aspirations for regional dominance. This interplay between domestic changes and international dynamics framed much of Taishō's rule, making it a pivotal period in modern Japanese history.