The invasion launched by Charles Albert of Bavaria into Upper Austria and Bohemia was a significant maneuver during the War of the Austrian Succession. This conflict, which started in 1740, involved a multitude of European powers, primarily centered around the question of Maria Theresa's inheritance of the Habsburg throne. Following the accession of Maria Theresa, several rival claimants, including Charles Albert, contested her rule. Charles Albert, also the Elector of Bavaria, sought to expand his influence and territorial claims, leading to his decisive action of invading Austrian lands.

The campaign was marked by a series of military engagements as Charles mobilized his forces to penetrate the Austrian defenses. This military initiative was characterized by a series of strategic encounters between Bavarian troops and Austrian forces, aiming to assert Bavarian dominance in the region. The invasion aimed not just at military success but also at solidifying political claims amid the rapidly shifting alliances of Europe. Charles Albert's actions were crucial in showcasing the volatility of European politics during this period. He was seeking to capitalize on his position to either leverage negotiations or achieve military success on the battlefield.

Ultimately, this invasion was part of a larger struggle where allegiances shifted, and various factions vied for power. The implications of this campaign reached beyond immediate military objectives, influencing the political landscape of Central Europe significantly. The invasion played a role in furthering the conflict and illustrating how territorial ambitions often led to broader international crises, highlighting the fragile nature of alliances at the time.