The enactment of Sharia law in Iran marked a significant shift towards Islamic governance following the 1979 Iranian Revolution. Under the leadership of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the new Islamic Republic sought to reshape Iranian society according to Islamic principles, discarding the secular laws that had been in place during the Pahlavi monarchy. The implementation of Sharia law, with its roots in Islamic tradition and scripture, introduced a comprehensive legal framework affecting various aspects of life, including marriage, divorce, inheritance, and criminal punishment. Women faced substantial changes to their rights and status, as the law mandated strict dress codes and limited their autonomy in certain legal matters.The legal and political changes were accompanied by social turmoil and resistance from various segments of the population. The new regime sought to consolidate power, enforcing its interpretations of Islam through various institutions and revolutionary guards. The establishment of Sharia law not only reinforced the government's authority but also aimed to unify the nation around a common religious identity in a landscape that had previously been characterized by diverse political and social beliefs. The new laws faced innumerable challenges, leading to both domestic and international controversy regarding human rights and the nature of governance in Iran. As a result, the establishment of Sharia law laid the groundwork for Iran’s ongoing ideological confrontations both internally and with the outside world, shaping the country's identity for decades to come.