The Constitutionalist Revolution was a pivotal moment in Brazilian history, originating from widespread discontent in São Paulo following the centralization of power by President Getúlio Vargas. Following his ascendance to power in 1930, Vargas implemented policies that marginalized regional interests, particularly those of São Paulo, which was a major economic hub in Brazil. Tensions culminated when rumors spread about Vargas's intention to abolish state autonomy entirely, prompting the Paulista elite and military officers to form a revolutionary faction aiming to restore a constitutional government that would better represent state interests.

The revolt began with a coordinated military strategy from gathered forces supported by civil society, including students and various unions. São Paulo's urban populace, notably influenced by local intellectuals and political leaders, rallied in support of the movement. The conflict escalated into direct confrontations with federal forces, with battles occurring in cities like São Paulo and surrounding regions. This organized revolt drew national attention, leading to a prolonged struggle involving military skirmishes, public demonstrations, and significant acts of defiance against Vargas’s regime.

Despite initial successes at mobilizing support and military resources, the revolution ultimately faced severe repression by the federal government. The conflict lasted until October of that year, marking a significant assertion of regional pride against centralized authority. Ultimately, although the revolt did not achieve its immediate goals, it resulted in a shift towards constitutional governance in Brazil and influenced Vargas's later policies. The Constitutionalist Revolution underscored the tension between regional autonomy and federal control, themes that would continue to resonate in Brazilian politics for decades.